abstract：OBJECTIVES:To estimate the socio-economic impact of multiple sclerosis (MS) in Italy. METHODS:Outpatients with MS were enrolled at 44 centres across Italy. Socio-demographic, clinical and resource utilization data were collected using a validated questionnaire. Each patient completed a weekly diary of expenses due to ...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Amato MP,Battaglia MA,Caputo D,Fattore G,Gerzeli S,Pitaro M,Reggio A,Trojano M,Mu. S. I. C. Study Group.

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the beneficial effect of subcutaneous injections of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) is well known in both blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm, the position of the injection sites around the orbicularis oculi may influence the effectiveness and side effects. Here we report results of preseptal and pretarsal BTX-...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Cakmur R,Ozturk V,Uzunel F,Donmez B,Idiman F

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To define the incidence and type of neurological complications and associated factors, we reviewed 41 consecutive patients who had 45 procedures for liver transplantation. Encephalopathy occurred after 28 procedures (62%) with immediate onset and no significant recovery before death or re-transplantation in 11 (24%), ...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Ghaus N,Bohlega S,Rezeig M

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:As metabolic and structural changes in frontotemporal-subcortical pathways have been reported in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorders, we investigated the correlation between complex compulsive behaviour (CCB) and the distribution of atrophy in a group of 90 patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD)...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Rosso SM,Roks G,Stevens M,de Koning I,Tanghe HLJ,Kamphorst W,Ravid R,Niermeijer MF,van Swieten JC

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:An upper motor neuron (UMN) lesion in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is often difficult to identify because clinical signs may be discrete or masked by severe simultaneous LMN lesions. We compared the diagnostic sensitivity of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to cranial muscles and limb muscles i...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Urban PP,Wicht S,Hopf HC

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During a period of 42 months, we studied the prevalence of epilepsy in a specific health district, composing by four towns with 98,405 inhabitants older than 10 years. This has been accomplished by a two-phase cross-sectional study. The prevalence rate observed was 4.12/1000 inhabitants for all types of epilepsy. No s...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Luengo A,Parra J,Colás J,Rámos F,Carreras T,Fernández-Pozos MJ,Muñoz A,Hernando V

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Resistance to activated protein C (APC) is the most frequent cause of thrombophilia and a well known risk factor for deep and cerebral vein thrombosis. Its causative role in ischaemic stroke is still a matter of debate. We undertook this study to determine the prevalence of APC-resistance in a cohort of cons...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Zunker P,Hohenstein C,Plendl HJ,Zeller JA,Caso V,Georgiadis D,Allardt A,Deuschl G

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Epileptogenic foci exhibit disturbed function at the level of the benzodiazepine receptor. The aim of our study was to investigate the incidence of focal reductions of temporal benzodiazepine receptor binding (BRB) as assessed by scintigraphy with 123I-iomazenil in patients with denovo temporal lobe epilepsy (T...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Matheja P,Lüdemann P,Kuwert T,Weckesser M,Kellinghaus C,Weitemeyer L,Diehl B,Schuierer G,Ringelstein EB,Schober O

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The SOX10 transcription factor is involved in development of neural crest derivatives and fate determination in glial cells. SOX10 mutations have been found in patients with intestinal aganglionosis and depigmentation with deafness (Waardenburg-Hirschsprung). Associated neurological signs have been reported in some ca...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Pingault V,Bondurand N,Le Caignec C,Tardieu S,Lemort N,Dubourg O,Le Guern E,Goossens M,Boespflug-Tanguy O,Clinical E.N.B.D.D. Clinical European Network on Brain Dysmyelinating Disease.

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Five patients are described who developed unilateral narrowing of the palpebral fissure that was aggravated by smiling. They had ischaemic lesions involving mainly the contralateral lenticulocapsular area. This rare but distinct symptom may be an action induced focal eyelid dystonia, and could be described as'smile-wi...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Kim JS

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although silent infarcts (SIs) are frequent in stroke patients, their clinical significance remains controversial, and their effect on stroke outcome remains unclear. This study evaluated the prevalence of SI on computed tomography, associated factors, and the effect on outcome in stroke patients. We studied 202 conse...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Corea F,Hénon H,Pasquier F,Leys D,Lille Stroke\/Dementia Study Group.

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Presently, there are more than 50 possible indications for the application of botulinum toxin. In some indications the use of botulinum toxin has already been approved; others are about to be approved. For most of these indications a sufficient number of studies have been published. For rare indications, an insufficie...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Jost WH,Kohl A

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The emotional and relationship problems associated with MS have not always been fully appreciated by the medical profession, which has tended to concentrate on the physical aspects of this disease. Yet the psychological problems of MS often cause more suffering than physical effects. ...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Kesselring J,Klement U

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based automated high-resolution fragment analysis of rearranged immunoglobulin heavy-chain genes is a highly sensitive means for identifying clonal B-cell responses. We used this technique to distinguish polyclonal inflammatory from monoclonal neoplastic B-cell populations in the cerebr...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Wildemann B,Jansen O,Haas J,Vogt-Schaden ME,Storch-Hagenlocher B

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acanthocytosis occurs because of ultrastructural abnormalities of the erythrocyte membranous skeleton resulting in reduced membrane fluidity. At least three hereditary neurological conditions are associated with it, although as yet the pathogenesis of the neurological features is unknown. In abetalipoproteinaemia, an ...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Stevenson VL,Hardie RJ

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Focal transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the motor cortex was used to study excitatory and inhibitory stimulation effects in 25 patients with writer's cramp and 25 healthy volunteers. We investigated excitatory and inhibitory corticospinally mediated motor effects in muscles contralateral to the stimulation si...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Niehaus L,von Alt-Stutterheim K,Röricht S,Meyer BU

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The course of multiple sclerosis (MS) can be monitored by measuring changes in brain volume, but consensus is still lacking on the best strategy to be adopted. We compared the reproducibility and sensitivity of volume measurements from different brain portions for detecting changes on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Rovaris M,Inglese M,van Schijndel RA,Sormani MP,Rodegher M,Comi G,Filippi M

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease which was thought to be untreatable. However, recent evidence in both experimental animals and men indicates that antiglutamatergic strategies are the first to have an influence on its pathogenesis and slow down the disease process. Since the eff...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Ludolph AC

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Autonomic nervous system (ANS) involvement is frequently found in Parkinson's disease (PD), but its causal relationship to the disease itself and its medication is unclear. We evaluated the effects of PD medications on cardiovascular ANS functions. Heart rate (HR) responses to normal and deep breathing, the Valsalva m...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Haapaniemi TH,Kallio MA,Korpelainen JT,Suominen K,Tolonen U,Sotaniemi KA,Myllylä VV

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We studied the diagnostic value of computed tomographic angiography (CTA) in the posterior circulation as a noninvasive substitute for intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography (DSA). We prospectively investigated 103 patients with acute stroke in the posterior circulation. All patients underwent CTA and Doppler ...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Graf J,Skutta B,Kuhn FP,Ferbert A

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pathophysiology of the striatum and cerebral cortex were studied from the pharmacological aspect. Investigation of the dopamine content in the cerebral cortex revealed that the premotor and motor area showed the highest level (61+/-6.2 ng/g). Intravenous injection of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (M...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Nomoto M,Kaseda S,Iwata S,Shimizu T,Fukuda T,Nakagawa S

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We describe three patients in whom an isolated sixth nerve palsy was the only clinical symptom or sign of multiple sclerosis (MS). Data were collected prospectively over 6 years on these three patients, who showed no other signs of brainstem dysfunction or prior symptoms; in addition. Retrospective analysis of all pat...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Barr D,Kupersmith MJ,Turbin R,Bose S,Roth R

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Long-term treatment studies with any antiparkinsonian drug are rather limited. Especially, double-blind, randomized and multicenter studies do not exist except for some rare exceptions. Nonetheless, such studies are mandatory to prove certain therapy regimens. This overview reports on the comparison between dopamine a...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Reichmann H

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder of the aging population with unknown etiopathogenesis. It is assumed that the underlying pathobiochemical processes comprise multifactorial and multigenetic disturbances leading to a progressive and devastating disorder without remission. Subtypes exist suggesti...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Riederer P,Sian J,Gerlach M

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) type 7 is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by neural loss, mainly in the cerebellum and regions of the brainstem and particularly the inferior olivary complex. This neurodegeneration disease is associated with expansion of unstable CAG repeats within the 5'-translated region of...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Hsieh M,Lin SJ,Chen JF,Lin HM,Hsiao KM,Li SY,Li C,Tsai CJ

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fatigue is a common symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS) even in the early phases of the disease, when neurological disability is usually still not present. To investigate the pathophysiology of fatigue we compared neurophysiological (motor evoked potentials of the four limbs, MEPs) and brain magnetic resonance imaging ...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Colombo B,Martinelli Boneschi F,Rossi P,Rovaris M,Maderna L,Filippi M,Comi G

更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Most inflammatory neuropathies, both acute and chronic, probably result from an immune attack against antigens of the peripheral nervous system. Specific antibodies in serum that react with the peripheral nervous system have been described in a number of inflammatory neuropathies. We review the pathophysiological sign...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Steck AJ

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent reports suggest the possible beneficial effects of haemopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). The definition of the risk/benefit ratio for such a treatment is perceived as a major issue for the neurological community worldwide. The First Consensus Confe...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Comi G,Kappos L,Clanet M,Ebers G,Fassas A,Fazekas F,Filippi M,Hartung HP,Hertenstein B,Karussis D,Martino G,Tyndall A,van der Meché FG

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Auto-oxidation of levodopa generates toxic metabolites, such as free radicals, semiquinones and quinones. In vitro, levodopa is a powerful toxin that is lethal to cultures of neurones. This raises the concern that levodopa may also be toxic in vivo, and that chronic treatment with levodopa could induce further damage ...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Melamed E,Offen D,Shirvan A,Ziv I

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Functional changes in the organisation of neuronal circuitries are generally used to explain parkinsonian motor symptoms and levodopa-induced dyskinesias. Based on information from histology and neurophysiological microrecordings of specific basal ganglia nuclei, the most widely accepted scheme is based on a central l...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Delwaide PJ,Pepin JL,De Pasqua V,de Noordhout AM

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Small subcortical infarctions resulting from large-vessel disease are often observed. It is important to distinguish these from pure lacunar infarction resulting from small-vessel disease because the investigations and examinations differ. We investigated the differences on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) betwe...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Adachi T,Kobayashi S,Yamaguchi S,Okada K

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The polymorphism of the HLA class II genes was investigated in 97 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) in Hokkaido, the northernmost main island of Japan. Of these, 80 patients were classified as having conventional MS and 17 as having opticospinal MS (OS-MS). Our findings confirmed a previous report that the DPB 1*0...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Fukazawa T,Kikuchi S,Sasaki H,Yabe I,Miyagishi R,Hamada T,Tashiro K

更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuropsychological deficits and the relationship to brain pathology were examined in 13 primary progressive (PP) and 12 secondary progressive (SP) multiple sclerosis patients with a similar duration of the progressive phase and comparable physical disability. A battery of neuropsychological tests to assess attention, ...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Foong J,Rozewicz L,Chong WK,Thompson AJ,Miller DH,Ron MA

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We report a case of central European tick-borne encephalitis with cervical myelitis presenting clinically as a lower motor neuron syndrome of the upper limbs with proximal asymmetrical pareses and atrophies. There were no sensory deficits nor signs of lesions of the spinal pathways or signs of encephalitis or meningit...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Beer S,Brune N,Kesselring J

更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We performed the first population-based case-control study on clinical risk factors and drug exposure in Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Sixty patients with GBS were collected through an incidence survey performed in the Emilia-Romagna region of northern Italy. GBS patients were compared with 109 hospital controls (HC)...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： D'Alessandro R,Casmiro M,Guarino M

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hirayama's disease is a benign juvenile form of focal amyotrophy affecting the upper limbs. Previous studies have suggested that the disorder is a neck flexion induced cervical myelopathy. We report clinical and magnetic resonance imaging findings in nine patients with Hirayama's disease. Cervical imaging of seven pat...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Schröder R,Keller E,Flacke S,Schmidt S,Pohl C,Klockgether T,Schlegel U

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) temporal lobe structures and functions are continuously or intermittently affected by abnormal brain electrical events, noxious neurochemical agents, and metabolic disturbances. There is conflicting evidence regarding the relationship between the duration of refractory mesial...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Jokeit H,Ebner A,Arnold S,Schüller M,Antke C,Huang Y,Steinmetz H,Seitz RJ,Witte OW

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This review summarizes recent findings from clinical trials regarding the prevention of stroke and translates these into therapeutic guidelines. A distinction is made between patients with previous cerebrovascular disease and those without, and between patients with and those without atrial fibrillation. Although the ...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Koudstaal PJ

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We reviewed the records of all patients who had received an epidural catheter for management of chronic cancer pain in a 3-year period (1993-1996). Patients with nervous system infections were identified, and pertinent clinical, radiological (magnetic resonance imaging), and bacteriological data were analyzed. We iden...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Sillevis Smitt P,Tsafka A,van den Bent M,de Bruin H,Hendriks W,Vecht C,Teng-van de Zande F

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There has been a resurgence in the use of functional neurosurgery for Parkinson's disease. An important factor that has played a role in this development is the recent understanding of the functional anatomy of the basal ganglia including a knowledge of the changes in the activities of neurons in the internal segment ...

journal_title：Journal of neurology

authors： Lang AE,Duff J,Saint-Cyr JA,Trepanier L,Gross RE,Lombardi W,Montgomery E,Hutchinson W,Lozano AM

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00